Files
lt16lab/soc/mem/memory.vhd
Thomas Fehmel 657a54ba18 Initial Commit
2016-10-18 14:21:45 +02:00

414 lines
13 KiB
VHDL

-- See the file "LICENSE" for the full license governing this code. --
library ieee;
use std.textio.all;
use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
use ieee.numeric_std.all;
use work.lt16x32_global.all;
-- the memory handles all memory transactions from the processor
-- it could be extended to have bus accesses to communicate to the outside world.
-- this is currently possible via port out_byte, which can be written to at address 0x04000000.
-- also, artificial latency can be inserted for simulation purposes.
entity memory is
generic(
-- name of file for initialization, formatted as lines of 32 ones or zeroes, each describing one word.
filename : in string := "program.ram";
-- size in words (32bit)
size : in integer := 256;
-- latency of the instruction memory interface
imem_latency : in time := 5 ns;
-- latency of the data memory interface
dmem_latency : in time := 5 ns
);
port(
-- clock signal
clk : in std_logic;
-- reset signal, active high, synchronous
rst : in std_logic;
-- dmem signals from the processor
in_dmem : in core_dmem;
-- dmem signals to the processor
out_dmem : out dmem_core;
-- imem signals from the processor
in_imem : in core_imem;
-- imem signals to the processor
out_imem : out imem_core;
-- fault signal, active high
fault : out std_logic;
-- out_byte port to access "outer world"
out_byte : out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0));
end entity memory;
architecture RTL of memory is
constant width : integer := 32;
-- construct to have in_simulation and in_synthesis for generates in this module
constant in_simulation : boolean := false
-- synthesis translate_off
or true
-- synthesis translate_on
;
constant in_synthesis : boolean := not in_simulation;
-- type for the memory signal
type memory_type is array (0 to size - 1) of std_logic_vector(width - 1 downto 0);
-- this function initializes an array of memory_type with the contents of a given file
-- function from http://myfpgablog.blogspot.de/2011/12/memory-initialization-methods.html
-- and from http://www.stefanvhdl.com/vhdl/html/file_read.html
-- and from http://www.ee.sunysb.edu/~jochoa/vhd_writefile_tutorial.htm
impure function init_mem(mif_file_name : in string) return memory_type is
-- input file
file mif_file : text open read_mode is mif_file_name;
-- input file read line
variable mif_line : line;
-- temporary bit vector for data read from file
variable temp_bv : bit_vector(width - 1 downto 0);
-- temporary memory array
variable temp_mem : memory_type;
-- read function success value
variable good : boolean;
begin
for i in memory_type'range loop
if not endfile(mif_file) then
-- if no end of input file, read next line
readline(mif_file, mif_line);
-- match line into bit vector
read(mif_line, temp_bv, good);
-- synthesis translate_off
assert good report ("Non-good word in memory location " & integer'image(i)) severity warning; --! give a warning when readline is no good -TF 2014-05-20
-- synthesis translate_on
-- copy temporary bit vector into temporary memory array
temp_mem(i) := to_stdlogicvector(temp_bv);
else
-- EOF but memory not yet full, fill up with zeros
temp_mem(i) := (others => '0');
end if;
end loop;
-- check if program fit into memory
if not endfile(mif_file) then
assert false report "memory not large enough for loaded program." severity failure;
end if;
-- give back filled array
return temp_mem;
end function;
-- memory array
signal memory : memory_type := init_mem(filename);
-- internal data signals for use with ready signals in simulation
signal imem_data : std_logic_vector(width - 1 downto 0);
signal dmem_data : std_logic_vector(width - 1 downto 0);
-- fault signal for dmem read fault
signal dmem_read_fault : std_logic;
-- fault signal for dmem write fault
signal dmem_write_fault : std_logic;
-- fault signal for imem read faults
signal imem_read_fault : std_logic;
begin
-- fault logic
fault <= dmem_read_fault or dmem_write_fault or imem_read_fault;
-- imem read
imem_read : process(clk) is
-- calculated word address
variable wordaddress : integer;
begin
if (rising_edge(clk)) then
if (rst = '1') then
-- in reset zero output and no fault
imem_data <= (others => '0');
imem_read_fault <= '0';
elsif (in_imem.read_en = '1') then
-- if read enabled
-- standard output
imem_read_fault <= '0';
-- word address calculation
wordaddress := to_integer(unsigned(in_imem.read_addr(in_imem.read_addr'high downto 2))); -- always 32bit aligned
-- read data
if (wordaddress < size) then
-- always return full word
imem_data <= memory(wordaddress)(width - 1 downto 0);
else
-- memory access out of bounds
imem_read_fault <= '1';
imem_data <= (others => 'X');
end if;
end if;
end if;
end process imem_read;
-- dmem read
dmem_read : process(clk) is
-- calculated word address
variable wordaddress : integer;
-- calculated byte address inside of word
variable byteaddress : std_logic_vector(1 downto 0);
-- read full word
variable word : std_logic_vector(width - 1 downto 0);
begin
if (rising_edge(clk)) then
if (rst = '1') then
-- in reset zero output and no fault
dmem_data <= (others => '0');
dmem_read_fault <= '0';
else
-- standard output
dmem_read_fault <= '0';
if (in_dmem.read_en = '1') then
-- if read enabled, otherwise keep up old data
-- calculate word address and address of byte inside of word
wordaddress := to_integer(unsigned(in_dmem.read_addr(in_dmem.read_addr'high downto 2)));
byteaddress := in_dmem.read_addr(1 downto 0);
if (wordaddress = 0) then
dmem_data <= (others => '0');
elsif (wordaddress < size) then
-- in memory range
-- read word from memory array
word := memory(wordaddress);
-- get correct bits from full word
case in_dmem.read_size is
when "00" => -- byte access
-- clear non-byte bits
dmem_data(width - 1 downto 8) <= (others => '0');
-- fill last byte of output word with read data
case byteaddress is
when "00" =>
dmem_data(7 downto 0) <= word(7 downto 0);
when "01" =>
dmem_data(7 downto 0) <= word(15 downto 8);
when "10" =>
dmem_data(7 downto 0) <= word(23 downto 16);
when "11" =>
dmem_data(7 downto 0) <= word(31 downto 24);
when others =>
-- will not happen in synthesis, but might in simulation
dmem_data(7 downto 0) <= (others => 'X');
end case;
when "01" => -- halfword access
-- clear non-halfword bits
dmem_data(width - 1 downto 16) <= (others => '0');
-- fill last halfword of output word with read data
case byteaddress is
when "00" =>
dmem_data(15 downto 0) <= word(15 downto 0);
when "01" =>
dmem_data(15 downto 0) <= word(23 downto 8);
when "10" =>
dmem_data(15 downto 0) <= word(31 downto 16);
when others =>
-- memory access exceeds word boundaries
dmem_read_fault <= '1';
-- synthesis translate_off
assert false report "memory access exceeds word boundaries (16bit dmem read at " & integer'image(to_integer(unsigned(in_dmem.read_addr))) & ")" severity error;
-- synthesis translate_on
end case;
when "10" => -- word access
-- fill all bits of output word with read data
if (byteaddress = "00") then
dmem_data <= word;
else
-- memory access exceeds word boundaries
dmem_read_fault <= '1';
-- synthesis translate_off
assert false report "memory access exceeds word boundaries (32bit dmem read at " & integer'image(to_integer(unsigned(in_dmem.read_addr))) & ")" severity error;
-- synthesis translate_on
end if;
when others =>
-- memory size not implemented
dmem_read_fault <= '1';
-- synthesis translate_off
assert false report "memory size not implemented" severity error;
-- synthesis translate_on
end case;
else -- (wordaddress >= size)
-- memory access out of bounds
dmem_read_fault <= '1';
dmem_data <= (others => 'X');
-- synthesis translate_off
assert false report "memory access out of bounds (dmem read at " & integer'image(to_integer(unsigned(in_dmem.read_addr))) & ")" severity error;
-- synthesis translate_on
end if;
end if;
end if;
end if;
end process dmem_read;
-- dmem write
dmem_write : process(clk) is
-- calculated word address
variable wordaddress : integer;
-- calculated byte address inside of word
variable byteaddress : std_logic_vector(1 downto 0);
-- read full word
variable word : std_logic_vector(width - 1 downto 0);
begin
if rising_edge(clk) then
if rst = '1' then
dmem_write_fault <= '0';
out_byte <= (others => '0');
elsif (in_dmem.write_en = '1') then
dmem_write_fault <= '0';
wordaddress := to_integer(unsigned(in_dmem.write_addr(in_dmem.write_addr'high downto 2)));
byteaddress := in_dmem.write_addr(1 downto 0);
if (wordaddress = 0) then
out_byte <= in_dmem.write_data(7 downto 0);
elsif (wordaddress < size) then -- in memory range and no special word
-- read old word
word := memory(wordaddress)(31 downto 0);
-- modify word
case in_dmem.write_size is
when "00" => -- byte access
case byteaddress is
when "00" =>
word(7 downto 0) := in_dmem.write_data(7 downto 0);
when "01" =>
--word(15 downto 8) := in_dmem.write_data(7 downto 0);
word(15 downto 8) := in_dmem.write_data(15 downto 8);
when "10" =>
--word(23 downto 16) := in_dmem.write_data(7 downto 0);
word(23 downto 16) := in_dmem.write_data(23 downto 16);
when "11" =>
--word(31 downto 24) := in_dmem.write_data(7 downto 0);
word(31 downto 24) := in_dmem.write_data(31 downto 24);
when others =>
-- will not happen in synthesis, but might in simulation
word(7 downto 0) := (others => 'X');
end case;
when "01" => -- halfword access
case byteaddress is
when "00" =>
word(15 downto 0) := in_dmem.write_data(15 downto 0);
when "01" =>
--word(23 downto 8) := in_dmem.write_data(15 downto 0);
word(23 downto 8) := in_dmem.write_data(23 downto 8);
when "10" =>
--word(31 downto 16) := in_dmem.write_data(15 downto 0);
word(31 downto 16) := in_dmem.write_data(31 downto 16);
when others =>
-- memory access exceeds word boundaries
dmem_write_fault <= '1';
-- synthesis translate_off
assert false report "memory access exceeds word boundaries (16bit dmem write at " & integer'image(to_integer(unsigned(in_dmem.write_addr))) & ")" severity error;
-- synthesis translate_on
end case;
when "10" =>
if (byteaddress = "00") then
word := in_dmem.write_data;
else
-- memory access exceeds word boundaries
dmem_write_fault <= '1';
-- synthesis translate_off
assert false report "memory access exceeds word boundaries (32bit dmem write at " & integer'image(to_integer(unsigned(in_dmem.write_addr))) & ")" severity error;
-- synthesis translate_on
end if;
when others =>
-- memory size not implemented
dmem_write_fault <= '1';
-- synthesis translate_off
assert false report "memory size not implemented" severity error;
-- synthesis translate_on
end case;
memory(wordaddress) <= word;
else
dmem_write_fault <= '1';
-- synthesis translate_off
assert false report "memory access out of bounds (dmem write at " & integer'image(to_integer(unsigned(in_dmem.write_addr))) & ")" severity error;
-- synthesis translate_on
end if;
end if;
end if;
end process dmem_write;
-- in synthesis, data is always valid in next clock cycle
synthesis_only : if (in_synthesis) generate
out_imem.read_data <= imem_data;
out_imem.ready <= '1';
out_dmem.read_data <= dmem_data;
out_dmem.ready <= '1';
end generate synthesis_only;
-- add latency in simulation only
-- synthesis translate_off
simulation_only : if (in_simulation) generate
-- instruction memory latency
imem_delay : process is
begin
wait until imem_data'event;
-- wait artificial delay
if (imem_latency > 0 ns) then
-- show not ready-yet data as XX
out_imem.ready <= '0';
out_imem.read_data <= (others => 'X');
wait for imem_latency;
end if;
-- output data
out_imem.read_data <= imem_data;
-- now we're ready
out_imem.ready <= '1';
end process imem_delay;
-- data memory latency
dmem_delay : process is
begin
wait until dmem_data'event;
-- wait artificial delay
if (dmem_latency > 0 ns) then
-- show not ready-yet data as XX
out_dmem.ready <= '0';
out_dmem.read_data <= (others => 'X');
wait for dmem_latency;
end if;
-- output data
out_dmem.read_data <= dmem_data;
-- now we're ready
out_dmem.ready <= '1';
end process dmem_delay;
end generate simulation_only;
-- synthesis translate_on
end architecture RTL;